Plain explanations for the small things that change how food behaves.
Emulsion
Tiny droplets of one liquid dispersed through another.
Oil and the water in lemon juice tend to separate. Whisking breaks the oil into smaller droplets and distributes them. Mustard helps that dispersion last, but a simple vinaigrette is still temporary. Separation is something to recognize, not a reason to panic.
Three parts oil to one part lemon is a starting point for this lesson. Lemons vary, oils vary, and so does the food on the plate. Taste a little dressing on the food, then change one thing in a small amount and taste again.
Mise en place
Put what you need in place before you begin.
Measure ingredients, choose a stable bowl and put the whisk within reach. Preparing first frees your attention for the technique. The ingredient checklist in the lesson is a practical prompt, not an assessment.
If it separates
Pause the pour. Bring the mixture together.
If oil pools while you are mixing, stop adding it and whisk. For a mixture that will not come together, start with a little fresh mustard and lemon in a clean bowl, then gradually whisk the separated dressing into that new base. Taste and adjust afterwards.